пятница, 29 июня 2012 г.

The interrogation and a court.


Three months after our arrest was the first  questioning. The investigation was carried out at all times within the walls of the gendarmerie torture chamber for those materials that were found during the arrest. For interrogation arrived Kritsky colonel of gendarmes, accompanied by a prosecutor. As established by the time all the People of the tradition we have shied away from any kind has been evidence in the interrogations, and therefore all the 24 people arrested at the convention, refused to go to the office for questioning. We immediately conspired with the neighboring cameras on the coordinated behavior during interrogation, and then there was a whole comedy that deserves to be noted it. In prison, was caused by a company of soldiers from the prison guards, and two of us, accompanied by 4 soldiers, pushing our guns were taken in for questioning. But there we were absolutely dumb and deaf. "What's your name? Where from? "- Asked the colonel of gendarmes. In response to a dead silence. "You do not want to answer, to testify? Sign the protocol "- said the prosecutor. The answer is the same silence. So we are 24 people defiled during the interrogation.



This is the photo of Lukjanovskaya prison in Kiev (1910).

 Only the military discipline of the soldiers held back laughter, and they wondered how we could so defiantly and with such a travesty to keep yourself in front of such a high command. But Colonel Kritsky, a leading consequence, we avenged. He kept us in prison on remand for over a year, until the trial. Under the law required that before the trial, we were introduced to the material consequences for the groups we drove to the courthouse. Materials were swollen by the time many volumes by rubbish. For example, sewn to the case was 70 minutes of searches for different Timofeyev, my surname, because the arrest had been taken away from my student card of St. Petersburg University, and among them are two protocols for searches namesakes gendarmes. Petersburg secret police not only tried, but even overdone. For the case had been sewn on letters and memos delivered to the warden for the establishment of these scripts. The Congress lasted three days, and I also sekretarstvoval at the congress. With the appointment of the court appeared to us not only the prospect of change in our position. The prosecution presented the 126 and 102 st. Penal Code, to participate in a criminal association. According to these articles relied Link to settle in places not so remote or hard labor up to 20 years. We had a defender Marc B. Shapiro, and came from St. Petersburg State Duma deputy Pereverzev. On the first day of trial we have openly declared that we are socialists and revolutionaries, the king's court did not recognize, and from any participation in the court refuse.

Page  72 of my diary is below.

My statement at the trial, which is written for all of us, and agreed, said: "I, Adrian F. Timofeev, a member of the Socialist Revolutionaries, from any participation in the court refused. Down with autocracy. Long live the armed uprising. " Only one of us on behalf of the Congress said that Gramachevsky and someone else (family flew out of memory), arrested on the street, but not at the convention, drawn incorrectly. Advocates are our excelled to prove the incorrectness of us 126 and 102 st. As no action against the government, said incriminated articles, the prosecution has not been proved and not proved.



                                               Lukjanovskaya prison in Kiev now (2002).

 The trial lasted 3 - 4 days with our silence. Two of those arrested in the yard, not the Congress, in our application was justified, as we all links in place to settle and the prison of 6 to 20 years were given three years of the fortress. There is no logic in that sentence I did not understand and now I do not understand. How can a sentence of 20 years hard labor to bring to the fortress and, moreover, less than half (1/2 of 6, as is listed in the judgment). Obviously, this confusion has affected the verdict of the authorities after the October Manifesto, the fear of revolution, in spite of the Stolypin reaction had set, and the game is to comply with the apparent legality. The sentence was to annul our lawyers, and many have been released to the approval of a higher court on bail in 1000 rubles...
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воскресенье, 24 июня 2012 г.

LETTERS TO anarchist-terrorists girls in Lukjanov prison (Kiev) (1907) and my bride Miss Anfisa Kramskaya (1908-1913)

ТЮРЕМНАЯ ПЕРЕПИСКА С АНАРХИСТКАМИ-ТЕРРОРИСТКАМИ (1907 Г.), АНФИСОЙ КРАМСКОЙ (1908-1913 Г.Г.)

ТЮРЕМНАЯ ПЕРЕПИСКА 1907 Г.
Письмо (НА КЛОЧКЕ БУМАГИ) из женского корпуса перед моим выбытием из Лукьяновской (Киев) тюрьмы от женщин анархисток – написано рукой деда.

М.К. (мужской корпус)
Адриану. На нашем корпусе ничьей кандидатуры не выставляют. Всего Вам хорошего, Адриан! Желаем никогда сюда не возвращаться. Жму крепко руку! 
Эва.

Самый горячий и сердечный привет шлю Вам, дорогой Адриан и желаю всего наилучшего, чего Вы сами себе желаете. Жду справедливости! И хочу я видеть ее страшно. Скоро, вероятно, и я расстанусь с «Лукьяновкой», только иной дорогой пойду. Что ждет впереди не знаю, иду и готова на все. Жму крепко руки. Мария Р. 

ОТКРЫТКИ (1908-1913 г.г.)




Нарисован букет цветов. Дата 26.02.1908

Адрес: Курск, городская тюрьма ( За херсонскими воротами), Начальнику тюрьмы для Адриана Федоровича Тимофеева
Поздравляю Вас, Адриан с весною – здесь теперь так хорошо, что у меня настроение даже делается веселым. Как Вы себя чувствуете, поживаете? Все что нужно было спросить относительно присяжного Соколова я сделала. Черкните мне хотя бы пару слов, т.к. давно я от Вас ничего не получала. Как чувствуете, поживаете, что делаете, все, все. Крепко жму руку.

Адрес мой старый. Передайте от меня привет всем вашим особам. На 25 февраля экзамен и вместо масленичных развлечений учусь, учусь, учусь. Нина

Нарисована танцующая пара детей.


Отправлено: Курск, получено Старый Оскол: 09.04.1911.

Адрес: Старый Оскол. Ея Высокоблагородию Крамской Анфисе Антоновне

Дорогая Анфиса! Спешу вам написать о дне отбытия. Выезжаю вечером 11-го, 12-го буду в Орле от 12-и часов ночи до 2 ч. дня. Затем в Москву, так что ночью на 13-е буду уже там. Мне думается, что там лучше всего встретиться. На Николаевском вокзале хотите? Таким образом Вы из дому может быть сумеете выехать 12-го. Если же хотите, то в Курске, в Орле, в Петербурге. Напишите, где увидимся, если в Москве, то где. Пишите же, чтобы до отъезда ответ получить. Пока. До свидания. Скоро увидимся, так что писать ничего не нужно. Много хлопот, забот, но уже м теперь я начинаю думать о будущем. Как то все сложится. Пока всего хорошего. Адриан.

Нарисован букет цветов. Девочка гадает: любит?, не любит?

Отправлено: Москва, Николаевский вокзал: 08.12.1913

Адрес: Петербург, Невский 59, Центральный Банк, Ея Высокоблагородию Анфисе Антоновне Крамской

Вероятно эта открытка соответствует Вашему настроению? В какую сторону Вы повернете? Эта открытка пишется только Вам. Как чувствуете себя? Если хорошо, буду очень доволен, иначе же, буду сердиться. Привет и поц…


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Letter of old revolutionary Mr. Constantine Tereshkovich in my defense in 1937. This letter is in my support after my conviction to 10 years of prison under Article 58 in the case of “Union Sojuz of Menshiviks” in Column Hall of Union House in Moscow in 1931.


I hereby certify that Mr. Adrian F. Timofeev has been an active worker of the revolution of 1905.  I was in  Lukyanovskaya prison in Kiev together with Mr. Adrian F. Timofeev  in 1906-1907.   Mr. Adrian F. Timofeev was elected by the  political prisoners for defending there rights and needs. 

  Mr. Adrian F. Timofeev  much help to us all, prisoners and political prisoners held in prison, before our sending to Siberia for hard labor and exile.  Mr. Adrian F. Timofeev took part in the building of tunnel, which is dug for the  escapes from prison.
I confirm that Mr. Timofeev was a dedicated fighter for the revolution and the interests of the working-class companion.
Konstantine Mironovich  Tereshkovich ( November 24, 1937)
Street Address: Moscow, Russia, 16,  1st Neopalimovskiy lane.
Phone number: G-1-37-36
The  second imprisonment of  Adrian was in  1930-1934.
 
             The public trial in Column Hall of Union House in Moscow  in 1931.


Adrian photo after returning  to Moscow from Verhneuralsk special prison in 1934.

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The illegal print shop in Kursk. I base the party of the Socialist Revolutionaries in Kursk in 1903.


Revolutionary and information activities of political parties in Russia have increased significantly in 1900-1907.
I was a student of Mathematics Department of  St. Petersburg Imperial University in this period.  I was a student of   Kiev’s  Imperial University of St. Vladimir in 1898-1900 too.
Visiting  of the University was not necessary for students.  We have established the timetable of visiting our classes  ourselves. The students  could not visit there university  over the years.  I had not practical classes on my Department  of  Mathematics in St. Petersburg.


I went to Kursk every summer, during  the  vacation time, and later in the winter too. I'm doing revolutionary work at the same time in St. Petersburg and  in my homeland in Kursk.
 Znamensky Cathedral in Kursk, Russia.  (1910).

There was not  large-scale industry  in Kursk in that period and  there were only certain groups of workers.  Our work was  primarily for revolutionizing  of the peasant masses.
I found  a hectograph and started  the  printing of  the proclamations.
I putted up printed  proclamations throughout the city on the houses and fences myself.
Moscow street in Kursk. Our family  house  was on this street (1910).

I  sent out some of the I printed proclamations  to the factories and villages. 
I printed the proclamation without changing my  handwriting. I ordered a special big round seal  for greater credibility. It was  engraved on this seal:
 “"Everybody can  find  there rights In the struggle . The Kursk Regional  Committee of the Party of Socialist-Revolutionaries”.
Although the entire committee and the entire party in Kursk consisted of a single person, myself!
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This information is taken from the diary of Adrian Fedorovich Timofeev (1882-1954) – the mathematician, socialist, revolutionary, financier and banker.

My propaganda work in St. Petersburg in 1902-1905 among the workers, female students and soldiers of the General Staff.






I did  a propaganda work among the workers and soldiers In St. Petersburg.  I was a Marxist still at school , but I tolerated for other revolutionary organizations, as long as they are called on to the  socialism and actively fought against the autocracy.
 I was a Marxist but   standing closest to the Social Democrats.  No one had heard  about  the Bolsheviks in the 1902-1905 in St. Petersburg. On the activity of the struggle against tsarism my sympathies were with the Socialist-Revolutionary Party and the Narodnaya Volya Party.



The program of these parties are provided for the terrorist struggle against tsarism and  socialization not only of all the factories, but also the socialization of all land and confiscation of the landlords real estate.
All my comrades among the revolutionary students were the Social Democrats.
My best comrades were two brothers of  Grigoriev, Nik  Wittmann,  Peter Malynin. – All of them were the students of Technological, Mining or Railway Universities in St. Petersburg.
The revolutionary organization gave me the  connection to  the workers and students. I got for  practice study and conducting  self-study two groups of workers of different plants, as well as female students (kursistok). Among these kursistok was the girl student and my future wife Kramskaya Anfisa Antonovna - a student of the Higher Women's (Bestuzhev) courses on Vasiljevsky  Island.
Narodnaya Volya party members gave me a group of soldiers, most from the  General Staff of the Imperial Army. 




The main headquarter of  the  General Staff was located in the heart of St. Petersburg on the Palace square opposite the Winter Palace.



It was impossible to assemble, and to carry out the revolutionary activities in the building of the General Staff in front of the Winter Palace and the soldiers one by one gathered and came to practice to  my rented apartment.

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This information is taken from the diary of Adrian Fedorovich  Timofeev(1882-1954) - mathematician, socialist, revolutionary, financier and banker.
The full  text of diare is on