Adrian Fedorovich Timofeev's prison Diary. (The diary of the Russian revolutionary).: 2012

понедельник, 5 ноября 2012 г.

About my wonderful wife Anfisa Antonovna Kramskaya.

My wife Anfisa Antonovna Timofeeva (Kramskaya) was a student of Bestuzhev Courses from 1909 to 1916.

She did not have enough money to pay for her education and she worked as an accountant in the Commercial Bank in St. Petersburg on Nevsky Prospekt 59 from 1912 to 1916.

I worked in this bank too and we married in 1913.

Anfisa graduated from Bestuzhev Courses in 1916.

The Bestuzhev Courses were the largest and most prominent women's higher education institution in Imperial Russia.

The Courses opened its doors in 1878. It was named after Konstantin Bestuzhev-Ryumin, the first Director. The most famouse professors of the Bestuzhev Courses were Alexander Borodin, Faddei Zielinski, Dmitry Mendeleyev, Ivan Sechenov, and Sergey Platonov. A building for Bestuzhev Courses on the 10th Liniya (Line) of Vasilevsky Ostrov (Island) was built in 1885 on a draft of Academician of Architecture A. Krasovsky.

Bestuzhev courses in St. Petersburg. 1878-1918

Anfisa and her brother Nikolai in St. Petersburg 1910.

Initiators of foundation of High Women's (Bestuzhev's) Courses. (1890).

Professor of Physics and Mathematics Faculty of the Courses Ivan Meshchersky among girl students (1914).

My wife Anfisa is fifth from the right in the middle row.

bestuzhev

This is Anfisa's certificate of graduation from the Courses.

This is text of Certificate in Russian:

СВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВО

Совет профессоров Петроградских Высших Женских Курсов сим удостоверяет, что Анфиса Антоновна Тимофеева, рожденная Крамская, православного исповедания, поступившая на Курсы на курсы по аттестату Старооскольской женской гимназии, с награждением Золотой медалью окончила в 1915-1916 учебном году полный курс наук физико-математического отделения, группы Чистой Математики и на экзаменах показала нижеследующие успехи:

По математике:

Тригонометрия – весьма удовлетворительно;

Введение в анализ - весьма удовлетворительно

Аналитическая геометрия - весьма удовлетворительно

Высшая геометрия - весьма удовлетворительно

Высшая алгебра - удовлетворительно

Дифференциальное исчисление - удовлетворительно

Приложение дифференциального исчисления к геометрии - удовлетворительно

Интегрирование функций - удовлетворительно

Определенные интегралы - весьма удовлетворительно

Интегрирование обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений - удовлетворительно

Интегрирование уравнений в частных производных - удовлетворительно

Уравнения математической физики - удовлетворительно

Варьяционное исчисление - удовлетворительно

Теория функций комплексного переменного - удовлетворительно

Эллиптическая функция - удовлетворительно

Теория чисел - весьма удовлетворительно

Исчисление конечных разностей - удовлетворительно

Теория вероятностей - удовлетворительно

По механике:

Статика - удовлетворительно

Кинематика- весьма удовлетворительно

Кинетика точки - удовлетворительно

Кинетика системы – удовлетворительно.

Сверх того сдала экзамен по описательной астрономии - весьма удовлетворительно.

На основании № 31 положения о Петроградских Высших Женских Курсах от 31 Июля 1889 г., изданного согласно ВЫСОЧАЙШЕ утвержденного 25 Июня 1889 г. Положения Комитета Министров, выдано Анфисе Антоновне Тимофеевой это свидетельство за надлежащим подписанием и с приложением печати Курсов.

Петроград 16 Января 1916 г.

Директор Петроградских Высших Женских Курсов

Декан физико-математического отделения

Печать Петроградских

Высших Женских Курсов

This is my translation of the text of Certificate in English:

CERTIFICATE

Council of Professors of Petrograd Bestuzhev Courses hereby certifies that Anfisa Antonovna Timofeeva (Kramskaya), Orthodox Faith, was applied for courses on the certificate of Stary Oskol women Gimnazium where she being awarded with the Gold Medal. Anfisa Antonovna Timofeeva (Kramskaya) graduated in 1915-1916 academic year with a full course of Science in Physics and Mathematics Department.

Anfisa Antonovna Timofeeva (Kramskaya) showed in examinations the following successes:

On the Mathematics:

Trigonometry - very satisfactory;

Introduction to analysis - a very satisfactory

Analytic geometry - very satisfactory

Higher geometry - a very satisfactory

Higher Algebra - Satisfactory

Differential calculus - Satisfactory

The application of differential calculus to geometry - Satisfactory

Integration of functions - Satisfactory

Definite integrals - a very satisfactory

Integration of ordinary differential equations - Satisfactory

The integration of partial differential equations - Satisfactory

Equations of mathematical physics - Satisfactory

Varyatsionnoe calculus - Satisfactory

The theory of functions of a complex variable - Satisfactory

Elliptic function - Satisfactory

Number theory - a very satisfactory

Calculus of Finite Differences - Satisfactory

Probability theory - Satisfactory

On the mechanics:

Static - Satisfactory

Kinematics, a very satisfactory

Kinetics points - satisfactory

Kinetics of the system - satisfactory.

Moreover passed the exam on descriptive astronomy - quite satisfactory.

This certificate is issued for Anfisa Antonovna Timofeeva (Kramskaya). It is duly signed and affixed with the seal of the course.

Petrograd, January 16, 1916

Director of Petrograd Bestuzhev Courses

Dean of the Physics and Mathematics Department

This is a chemical laboratory.

The girl students in the physics laboratory (1913).

The Library of the Bestuzhev Courses (1878-1918).

The Library of the Bestuzhev Courses now (2012).

The new observatory of the Bestuzhev Courses (1912).

The Bestuzhev Courses were on the 10th Line of Vasilevsky Ostrov (Island) and Anfisa before our marriage in 1913 lived in the rented room on 8th Line,31 and then in the very nice building on 12th Line,21.

Click on the model below, please! You can zoom and rotate it!

The house on 12 Line, 21 was built in 1890 by the famous German architect A. Spiegel for owner of this land Mr. L. Dwan. It was an apartment house. Outstanding Russian painter Alexander Kivshenko lived here in 1894-1995. Well-known painting "War Council at Fili" glorified Mr. Kivshenko as outstanding painter. This building had a blank wall and SketchUp designer Mr. IGORTIM added a beautiful picture from SketchUp model - Moscow, Russia, Bolshoi Sergievsky Lane, 19 on it:). This building is apartment house now too.

Click on the model below, please! You can zoom and rotate it too!

Bestuzhev Courses building now. (2012).

http://opentextnn.ru/history/familisarchives/Timofeyevs_family_Archives/Adrian_Timofeev/
Some information of this post is taken from the diary of Adrian Fedorovich Timofeev(1882-1954) - mathematician, socialist, revolutionary, financier and banker.

The full text of diary (in Russian) is on

суббота, 28 июля 2012 г.

In memory of my brother Sasha a teacher of Zemstvo school, a member of Narodnaya Volya party and revolutionary terrorist.

I named my oldest son as Alexander in 1918 in honor of my beloved brother, who was a revolutionary in Russia in 1904-1917.

We were four brothers, close in age: I'm Adrian, Peter, Sasha (Aleksander) and Pasha (Pavel, Paul). We always lived together. In Summers (1887-1897) we carried out in the open air in the garden of our house in Kursk at the intersection of Golden and the Moscow streets, full of apples, pears, currants, gooseberries, raspberries, strawberries and all sorts of vegetables.

See the post in this blog:

This is the photos from the life in 1890 - 1915 of the family of Feodor Prokopyevich Timofeev. Feodor Prokopyevich Timofeev was the very prosperous 2nd Guild merchant in Kursk Russia.

http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3474503500406138455#editor/target=post;postID=2769032305938750518

In the garden of grazing sheep, live chickens, guinea fowl, wild, for ducks and geese we have dug artificial ponds. So all there was plenty in the garden. There was made round wooden gazebo in the garden. We had 4 beds in it, and we willingly slept in the open air to the singing of nightingales.

Since childhood, Sasha was a strange boy who is physically the strongest of us, he played as we all do, but he was silent and thoughtful, as if something was living inside him secretive. We named him for his manners funny nickname GRANDFATHER.

Sasha was not studied very well and after the 2nd class of gymnasium he turned into a real school.

He was reading a lot of illegal revolutionary literature. He asked this literature from me and my friends.

Populism and the ideas of the party Narodnaya Volya will greatly effect on him.

He wanted to serve to the people, and respect the life of ordinary people. He wanted to get close to them, educate them and revolutionize. So at the end of the secondary school, he did not like as all of his friends to enter the university ( Puteiskiy, Gorniy or Technological) Universities in St. Petersburg, Moscow or Kiev in order to become an engineer and earn big money. Instead, he went to live among the peasants and became a teacher at a rural school .

My brother Aleksander was appointed as a teacher in the Sudzhinsky Zemstvo school district. But he worked as a teacher out there a little, because of his revolutionary activities. Very soon he was tracked down and the message about his revolutionary activities was sent to the District Commander.

District Commander of the Sudzhinsky county was then the very rich landlord of the province of Kursk. He was the last descendant of Napoleon's General Rapa.

Rapa’s two sons were in the Gymnasium of the Kursk the friends of me Adrian. This descendant of General Rapa reported to the governor of Kursk, demanding the expulsion of Sasha.

Kursk Governor, Mr. Muratov, the famous member of Black Hundreds party , sent Sasha accompanied with 2 policemen to the North of the Russia in Vologda City.

After arriving to the Vologda City Sasha at the same day sat down for the return train back to Kursk. After return in Kursk, Sasha had lived freely, without constraint walked around the city. The police did not touch him. Possible Police remembered the awards and treats that all policemen up to the police chief received from my father - a famous and wealthy merchant.

Together with a group of revolutionary-minded youth in Kursk, eager to actively fight against the autocracy and its servants, brought up on the ideas of Narodnaya Volya, Alexander started the manufacturing of bombs.

There was an explosion during his manufacture of fuses for bombs at our house in Kursk. Alexander was living in my room then.

Sasha was put into prison in Orel City. I got an interview with him and learned from him hints that he made 17 bombs hidden in the pipe in the basement of an unfinished house in our garden. Having found them, I had great difficulty and care to remove the fuses from the homemade bombs, and I buried them in the garden of our house too.

Maybe they are still there.

The revolution started in Russian Empire in 1905. The 1905 Russian Revolution was a wave of mass political and social unrest. Some of it was directed against the government, while some was undirected. It included worker strikes, peasant unrest, and military mutinies. It led to the establishment of limited constitutional monarchy, the State Duma of the Russian Empire, and the multi-party system.

The events of 1905 were preceded by a liberal and intellectual agitation for more political democracy and a limits to Tsarist absolutism; plus an increase in strikes by workers against employers for economic demands and union recognition, especially in southern Russia.

The picture of laboratory for the manufacture of bombs arranged in a village.

Two right-wing bomb with wicks are ready for use.

The newspaper "Novoje Vremja" May 1907.

In winter 1909, Alexander was involved in the terrorist attacks in Kharkov (Ukraine) and was arrested. The extract from the judgment (copy) of the Military Field Court which was held on January 12, 1909 is below in Russian.

There is my translation of the small part of text in English.

К О П И Я

ВЫПИСКА ИЗ ПРИГОВОРА

Временного Военного Суда в г. Харькове, состоявшегося 12 января 1909 г. по делу о подсудимом, сыне купца Александре Тимофееве, преданном суду Киевскому Военно-Окружному Суду Командующим Войсками Киевского Военного округа на основании статьи 17 правил, о местностях, объявленных на военном положении пообвинению в преступных деяниях п.20

статьи тех же правил и 2 части 102 статьи Уголовного Уложения.

Справки: приговор вошел в законную силу 14 января 1909 года в 10 часов 20 минут.

Срок отбытия наказания следует считать на основании 1123 статьи XXIV книги С.В.П. 1869 года, издание 3-е, с пятого февраля 1909 года.

Лета от роду и сословие подсудимого: Александр Федорович Тимофеев, сын купца, родился 9 апреля 1885 года.

Выслушав дело временный Военный Суд признал подсудимого Александра Тимофеева виновным в том, что:

1/ в феврале 1907 года в г. Харькове, объявленном на военном положении, он, ТИМОФЕЕВ, вступив в преступное сообщество, которое заведомо для него, поставило своей целью своей деятельности насильственное , путем террористических актов и всеобщего вооруженного восстания народа и войска ниспровержение установленными Основными Законами образа правления Российской империи, с лишением Государя Императора власти Верховной и с заменой нашего Государственного строя демократической республикой, при чем это сообщество, заведомо для Тимофеева имело в своем распоряжении, для указанной цели оружие и взрывные снаряды;

2/в том, же г. Харькове, состоявшем на военном положении 28 февраля 1907 года воспользовавшись взрывом бомбы и бросившись бежать по Костомаровской улице преследуемый полицейскими городовыми Яковом Решетько и Яковом Вакуленко он, Тимофеев, с целью лишения жизни и избежать поимки произвел в них несколько выстрелов из револьвера, коими однако не причинил им никакого вреда;

2/ The Kharkov (Ukraine) city was placed under martial law form on 28 February 1907.

Mr. Alexander Timofeev joined the criminal organization which has committed itself to:

- Forcible confinement Sovereign Emperor of power;

- Replacement of the state system to the Democratic Republic;

This criminal organization planed the terrorist attacks and general armed uprising of the people and the troops against the Tsar.

Mr. Alexander Timofeev after a bomb explosion started to run by Kostomarovskaya street. Policemen Jacob Resheyko and Jacob Vakulenko ran to catch him.

Mr. Alexander Timofeev in order to avoid being caught made a few shots from a revolver to this policemen.

The policemen were not injured as a result of these shots.

The chairman of military judge Major General / Berger /

The photo of an old apartment house on the Kostomarovskaya street in Kharkiv (Ukraine) now (2012).

И 3/ невиновным в том, что в г. Харькове состоявщем на военном положении в качестве члена упомянутого сообщество, он Тимофеев, 28 февраля 1907 года, участвую в сходке членов этого сообщества, в доме №8 по Костомаровской улице, когда для задержания собравшихся явился наряд полиции, с целью избежать поимки и лишить жизни чинов полиции по соглашению с другими лицами сообщество произвел в чинов полиции ряд выстрелов из револьвера и бросил в них взрывной снаряд, каковым убиты были помошник начальника Харьковского охранного отделения Ротмистр Свидерский, помошник пристава Федоров и полицейский городовой Морякин и ранены полицейские городовые Сергей Гербель, Максим Ткач, Петр Фролов и Николай Журавель, из которых Гербель от полцченных ран 3 марта 1907 года скончался.

В виду всего вышеизложенного и на основании 19 и 17 статей правил о положении усиленной охраны, 1п. 20 статьи правил о местностях объявленных на военном положении 18, 22-24 и 152 статей Уложения о наказаниях уголовных и исправительных, 10, 12, 16 и 279 статей XXII книги С.В.П. 1869 года издание 3-е, 910, 915, 23, 25, 28-31, 24, 35 100, 2 части 102 статьи Уголовного Уложения Временный Военный Суд в гор. Харькове

ПОСТАНОВИЛ:

1/ подсудимого, сына купца Александра Тимофеева, как признанного виновным в участии в сообществе, составившимся для насильственного посягательства на изменение в России установленных Законами Основными образа правления, причем собщество это имелов своем распоряжении средства для взрыва и оружие и в вооруженном сопротивлении чинам полиции, при исполнении ими обязанностей службы, причем это сопротивление сопровождалось покушением на убийство этих чинов полиции, по совокупносим сих преступных действий, по лишении всех прав состояния, подвергнуть его Тимофеева, СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИ ЧЕРЕЗ ПОВЕШЕНИЕ, с последствиями определенными 24-24 статьями Уложения о наказаниях уголовных и исправительных;

2/ того же подсудимого Александра Тимофеева, как признанного невиновным в вооруженном сотротивлении чинам полиции, при исполнении ими обязанностей службы, причем это сопротивление сопровождалось убийством одних чинов полиции и покушением на убийство других, по этому обвинению считать по суду оправданным;

3/ судебные по суду издержки взыскать с имущества подсудимого, сына купца Александра Тимофеева, а при его несостоятельности принять на счет казны;

4/ вещественные по делу доказательства отправить Харьковскому Полицеймейстеру до окончания настоящего дела в отношении остальных обвиняемых; настоящий приговор по вступлении в законную силу, но до приведения его в исполнение, представить на утверждение Командующему войсками Киевского Военного Округа.

Подлиный протокол подписал:

Председательствующий Военный Судья Генерал-майор / Бергер/

На подлинном приговоре имеется следующая конфимация:

«Приговор суда утверждаю с заменой осужденному Александру Тимофееву Смертной казни бессрочной каторгой».

Г. Киев, 5 февраля 1909 года.

Командующему войсками Киевского Военного Округа.

/ Бергер/

Alexander has been sentenced to death penalty through hanging for his terrorist activities.

He spent several months in prison before execution of the sentence.

Our family was very happy when on April 12, 1909 we received in Kursk a telegram with the message of replacing death penalty for Alexander.

See the post in this blog:

1. This is the photos from the life in 1890 - 1915 of the family of Feodor Prokopyevich Timofeev. Feodor Prokopyevich Timofeev was the very prosperous 2nd Guild merchant in Kursk Russia.

http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=2236986124064545441#editor/target=post;postID=5307261297031223696

Some information of this post is taken from the diary of Adrian Fedorovich Timofeev(1882-1954) - mathematician, socialist, revolutionary, financier and banker.

The full text of diary (in Russian) is on

http://opentextnn.ru/history/familisarchives/Timofeyevs_family_Archives/Adrian_Timofeev/

пятница, 27 июля 2012 г.

This is the photos from the life in 1890 - 1915 of the family of Feodor Prokopyevich Timofeev. Feodor Prokopyevich Timofeev was the very prosperous 2nd Guild merchant in Kursk Russia.

This is the picture of Timofeev's family on the porch of family house in Kursk.

I am (Timofeev Adrian Fedorovich) second from the left in the top row.

I am (Timofeev Adrian Fedorovich) second from the left in the middle row.

Feodor Prokopyevich Timofeev had eight childrens: 6 boys and 2 girls.

There were 3 childrens from Natalie - his first wife (maiden name, first name and years of life - not known).

1.My brother Aleksander (1877-1930) was the member of Narodnaya Volya Party. He was involved in the assassination of Emperor Nicholas II, was convicted and spent time in prison under the autocracy. After the Bolshevik Revolution he was in jail too. He was shot in 1930 near Arkhangelsk. There are many photographs and other documents about his life.

See the post in this blog:

"In memory of my brother Sasha a teacher of Zemstvo school, a member of Narodnaya Volya party and revolutionary terrorist (Pages 36 and 37 of my diary)".

2. My brother Peter was born 1879. Peter lived in Uzhgorod in the Ukraine during the Soviet era. There are some photos of Peter.